Laser speckle interferometry probes beneath an opaque surface for subtle movement. In this example it's detecting loose wall fragments.
Conservation of ancient paintings is a fine balance of removing surface contaminants without harming the underlying paint. This method, developed over 7 painstaking years, revolutionizes that by dynamically analyzing in real time how deep and how far the solvent is penetrating the damaged surface.
"With nano-motion imaging we found the sweet spot where the varnish was removed without significant solvent im-pact to the paint layer."
https://www.iiconservation.org/sites/default/files/documents/2025-04/nic-magazine-apr-may-2025-compressed_0.pdf 
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